Repeat steps 2 and 3 for distances of 0.80 m, 0.60,Ġ.40 m ( see data table A). Times. (Sum four times and divide by four to find the average.) 4. Out the highest and lowest times and determine the average of the remaining four Take 6 time measurements, record in data table A. To measure the time to roll distance d = 1.0 meterĭown the ramp. See "Making Measurements", above. Starting with the cylinder at rest, use the stopwatch Set up the ramp with h=Ġ.10 m above the table, (as shown in Figure 1.) 2. Variable while the angle of slope is constant. In this part the distance d down the ramp is the Proportional to the square of time if acceleration is uniform. PROCEDURES and HYPOTHESES Figure 1 for procedures A & B HYPOTHESIS A: Distance is directly Get it as close as you can and record the actual height in May not be able to get the top of the ramp at exactly the height given in the instructions. To raise one end of the ramp, use a pile of books. It is flat and strong enough to support your tin can without bending. It doesn't matter what the ramp is made of as long as board at a home improvement center such as City Mill or Ace Hardware forĪ few dollars. It should be about 1.25 meters (4.0 ft.) long If youĭon't have anything like that then you will have to improvise. RAMP CONSTRUCTION See Figure 1 For the ramp you can use any flat, level object such asĪ board or a cardboard box. Appreciate the difficulties in analyzing experimentalĭata to make conclusions, even if the data is carefully and correctly collected.ĮQUIPMENT Ramp, meter stick. Or regression line on a graph of experimental data. ACCELERATION OF GRAVITY LAB AP PHYSICS HOW TOUnderstand how to draw and interpret a "best fit" Understand the relationships between distance, time,Īverage speed, instantaneous speed, and acceleration. Be familiar with Galileo's inclined plane. Observe and measure motion on an inclined plane. Become familiar with the concept of hypothesis testingīy experiment. Sense of hearing along with sight to coordinate the stopwatch with the stopping point. To stop the timing it is best to use a flat object suchĪs a ruler or the cover of a book as a physical stop. To begin the timing whether there is one person or two involved in the experiment. A countdown of "5, 4, 3, 2, 1" is a good way Of how the gates at a parking garage operate. Or small ruler which holds the can in place, to be lifted when time starts. Imparting to the can any uphill or downhill motion. Get only one chance at a time measurement (not counting video tapes and other recordings.) It is best to use a "starting gate" to avoid Time measurements require coordination between the eventĪnd the timer in a different way because an event happens only once in time. Marks" on the ruler. Be sure to measure and record all data to the correct Try to estimate the decimal fraction "between the mm. Typically this will be 0.1 mm.(0.01 cm or 0.001m.) on a ruler withĪ least count of 1 mm. You should be able to make distance measurements to oneĭigit more than the least count of the meter There are unique problems associated with each type NOTES ON DISTANCE AND TIME MEASUREMENT Measuring distance and time require different skills as The time required for the ball to roll a certain distance down the ramp. The height from which the ball is released on the ramp. The steepness of the incline which is measured by the ratio of height to length The distance along the ramp which the balls rolls. Was the idea of holding one or more variable constant while noting the effect whenĪnother variable is changed. One of Galileo's contributions to the experimental method He also discovered that the speed of a falling object depends only on the heightįrom which it falls. Traveled is directly proportional to the square of the time. He deduced that an object which is uniformly accelerated will travel a greaterĭistance in each successive time interval such that the distance Galileo performed many more trials than you will, but did not have the sophisticated This experiment is designed to reproduce a portion of Galileo's experiments. Similarly to objects in freefall so that he could understand freefall by studying His reasoning suggested that objects rolling down a ramp behaved Galileo designed experiments to study accelerated motion using More accurate than Galileo's water clock. Although you will be using an electronic stopwatch, it is not much To draw a "best fit" or regression line of experimentalĭata.You will discover that reaching conclusions about motion is not as easy as it Will test three hypotheses relating to motion on an incline. To reproduce Galileo's results using the inclined plane. INTRODUCTION In this experiment you will attempt
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